학내 언론사

제 10 호 Memes as a Double-edged Sword

Kicker: OPINION (MEME) Memes as a Double-edged Sword The Age of Meme, A New Digital Trend Code By Sol-Hyang Park, Reporter cookie7152@naver.com It is the heyday of ‘Meme.’ Memes made through YouTube and various online communities, such as “Rollin Rollin," “Sadala," "One Kkang a day,” are not just entertainment, but are also influencing offline business trends. Memes, which used to belong to a non-mainstream culture enjoyed by a small number of netizens who enjoyed social activities online, are now new digital trend code that anyone can easily enjoy and follow through SNS. Origin of Memes “Internet meme” or “meme” is a secondary creation or parody that spread from the Internet to the community or social networking. Originally, it was derived from the academic term "meme" first proposed by zoologist Richard Dawkins in his 1976 book "The Selfish Gene.” In the book, meme meant "spiritual reasons such as religion, ideas, and ideologies that have been reproduced and passed on throughout generations," just like human genes. This has been expanded to the meaning "a cultural element in a work that is parody, modulated, and spread" to call for a new spreading culture that has exploded since the Internet was distributed in the early 2000s. Particularly, people in English-speaking communities have used this word to refer to the essential things used in chatting and UCC activities, which also became widely used among netizens in Korea. In addition, we call a person who produces or distributes memes as a "memer". Examples of Memes Meme encompasses every word, photo, video, song, action, etc. Anything that is easy to remember or addictive on the Internet is likely to become a meme. We can also call the social and cultural phenomena or buzzwords that were popular in the past before the word meme appeared, as memes. Memes by Period in Korea As for examples of Korean memes in the early 2000s, there are "You go, Hawai (a famous line from the movie “Friend”)," The Fruit of Love (Community Fund Badge), and Ulzzang Culture (developed with the advent of Cyworld)." Also, in the 2010s, there were memes such as smartphone, Facebook, greenlight (used in the TV program "Witch Hunt"), and juice spilling memes (a scene from the drama "I Must Have Loved You"). In the 2020s, there are memes such as social distancing (corona influence), Rollin (music of Brave Girls), and Money Games (web entertainment show based on a Naver webtoon "Money Game"). In particular, since 2020 affected by the Corona pandemic, many more Internet memes have been created as Internet usage has increased relatively. In fact, the concept of memes was introduced to the public in Korea relatively recently, since singer Rain's "Gang" memes. At that time, Rain's song “Gang” became popular again in 2020 through MBC's "Hang out with Yoo.” The process of re-rising and the derivative words such as “1 kang a day” could not be explained without using the concept of the meme, and Rain himself used the word meme. Previously, people used words such as “drip” much more than “meme”. There also can be a worldwide meme. For example, with the development of the Internet, people began to use "memes(funny pictures with texts)" frequently in the community. It is called “meme” in English, and 'jjal' in Korea. People are using a lot of humorous memes that intuitively express feelings or situations that cannot be explained by text alone. As such, meme is a pop culture beyond languages. Meme Marketing Many companies also focus on this meme phenomenon, and apply it to their marketing, which is called meme marketing. They organize promotional strategies with meme elements that are talked about and parodied in many Internet communities and social media. This kind of meme marketing has much greater ripple effect than normal advertising, thanks to the meme's own characteristics. This is because if consumers think it is funny, they will share and distribute themselves, even reprocessing them to create another meme. Thanks to the meme, it has a strong promotional effect without spending too much money. Of course, not all meme marketing succeeds. The meme trend can already have cooled down, so proper timing and witty planning would be important. An example of effective meme marketing is Burger King's "All Day King" ad, which parodies scenes from the SBS drama "The Age of Wildlings" in 2003.Actor Kim Young-chul, who played a role in the drama, negotiated the price of a hamburger saying "4 $.” This ad is a parody of the scene in which he negotiates with the U.S. military in the drama. Originally, this scene was used as a meme, and steadily became popular. Based on this humor code that netizens have long loved, Burger King successfully delivered the message of the best quality hamburgers at the cheapest price with humor. It is said that after the ad, the average sales of each store rose more than 70% . On the contrary, there are cases where a company used meme contents without permission, so obsessed with memes, in the end, rather worsened their brand image. In July last year, CJ Food's "Hatban" was blamed for unauthorized use of singer Sunmi's contents. Hatban promoted black rice with a post on Instagram using the signature pose of Sunmi's song "Purple Night." They also mentioned her in promotional comments. The problem was that Sunmi was not their promotional model, and they did not ask for permission from the original author in advance. As many people criticized the lack of copyright awareness, they finally made an apology that they acknowledged their faults, and deeply regretted. Memes as a Double-edged sword Memes give light fun to many people's daily lives and are even used in corporate marketing. For young MZ generation, it is an essential digital communication code, leading the trend. However, memes can be a dangerous weapon. Like was mentioned, focusing only on the fun and ripple power of memes can make unethical mistakes such as violating copyright or human rights. Since there is a strong tendency to make anything funny, memers can abuse other people's works without permission, or ridicule others. A lot of memes pour out in just one day, and many memers are still looking for the object of memes. If this phenomenon continues, it can be overshadowed by fun and forget the basic things to keep. Moreover, memes are propagated and distributed very quickly, so even if we try to correct them later, there would be no turning back after they have already become memes. Meme culture is now a new channel of communication, and also a vital part of people’s lives exhausted from Corona. Fun things that were overlooked in the past are rediscovered, entertaining people in many ways.However, the power of memes is so strong that memers may make irreversible mistakes. So we will always have to make memes and enjoy them in due degree!

• 작성일 2021-05-28
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제 10 호 The Only Mobile Phone Company in Korea: Samsung

Kicker: OPINION (MOBILE PHONES) The Only Mobile Phone Company in Korea: Samsung by Yoo-Jung Kim, Editor-In-Chief/ Eun-Jea Choi, Reporter kyjmimi121@naver.com/Welvoeeun123@naver.com LG Electronics recently closed its mobile phone business. In 1990, the company closed its first mobile phone business 26 years after entering the market. LG's business ended with a bad result of accumulated deficit of 5 trillion won for its mobile phone business. There are many reasons why LG's mobile phone business failed. Among many reasons, LG is trying to focus on the reason why it failed to meet the needs of the MZ generation. Let's find out the types and functions of mobile phones favored by the MZ generation and the trends of the mobile market through the strongest Samsung in mobile phone business. History of the LG Smart Phone Business The early LG mobile phone market ranked third in the world market. LG was booming in the mobile phone market from 1995 to 2014. In particular, the G3 model sold 10 million units in 2014. Unfortunately, there has been a deficit since 2015. There are various reasons for LG Smartphone's business failure and deficit. Causes of Failure in the LG Smart Phone Business The first reason is that the success of feature phones has slowed the development of smartphone markets. Other companies started their smartphone business early in the period when they were successful as feature phones. Many experts say that LG chose to enjoy the success of the feature phone a little more than to move quickly in the times. The second reason is that LG missed the consumers’ needs due to our tenacity to unique models. LG has been trying various types of fresh products such as modular Smartphone G5 and dual-screen Smartphone. In this regard, it has helped develop Korean smartphone technology, but it has been shown that it was far from consumers. Many say that LG's attempts have undermined its competitiveness in the smartphone market. Lastly, LG has fallen behind in competition for preference of Smartphones from consumers. Homogeneity has a big impact in Korea. As more consumers from Samsung and Apple among the majority of consumers, LG mobile phone consumers continued to be shaken. In fact, LG accounted for 5% of the smartphone brand preference of people in their 20s, which includes many students from Sangmyung University and affects the smartphone business. <2019 Smartphone Brand Preference Survey Results> Results from the Stop of the LG Smart Phone Business There are a lot of things affected by the stop of LG's mobile phone business. First of all, some 3,700 smartphone workers related to LG's mobile phone business were moved to other headquarters*, and office workers are expected to be relocated before July 31st, when the business will end. In addition to employees, the impact on consumers is also a very large part. Although it will stop its business, it said that AS service will continue for 4 years. However, it can be difficult to get related mobile phone parts, and the price of a second-hand* phone can drop significantly or make it difficult to sell, and thiscan have a negative affect on consumers. On the other hand, there are parts that have a good influence. The stock market is taking a very positive stance because it can shake off losses in LG's mobile phone business and increase profits. These advantages also exist for competitors because Samsung and Apple do not have to be competitive and can reduce the benefits they originally gave to consumers. <LG Electronics Stock Price Rise Graph> *headquarer: an organization are its main offices. *second-hand: things are not new and have been owned by someone else. Samsung's Monopoly Era? Experts estimate that the monopoly* of Samsung's mobile phone era will begin. This is because existing LG cell phone users are likely to move on to Samsung phones with the most similar smart phone structure and are not expected to change to the Apple system because they are domestic brands. However, it is difficult to conclude because the younger generation uses Apple's iPhone a lot. However, many speculate that Samsung's era in the mobile industry will open as Samsung Electronics has recently been rapidly absorbing LG Electronics' loyal customers and Samsung Electronics is launching a large-scale used phone compensation program. According to the mobile telecommunications industry, about 80% of LG Electronics' V50 used phone price guarantee program subscribers chose the latest Galaxy smartphone, and Samsung's share in the domestic mobile market stood at 65% and 13% last year. In response, LG is planning to focus on future businesses such as automobiles and robots, as mobile workers are the core of developing 6G mobile telecommunication and cameras. <Share of Smartphone markets in South Korea in 2020> *monopoly: If a company, person, or state has a monopoly on something such as an industry, they have complete control over it, so that it is impossible for others to become involved in it. The shutting down of LG's mobile phone business does not just mean the end of the business. As mentioned before, it can have a big impact among consumers and various businesses and people, and it is a part where we can look forward to the future business trends that LG Electronics is pursuing in the future. Due to the U.S.-China trade dispute, the smartphone competition between Apple and Samsung, excluding Huawei, will be overheated, and people's choices are also unpredictable. Therefore, for the development of domestic companies, the psychology and preferences of mobile phone consumers should be well understood, and companies should develop various future businesses as well as mobile businesses to actively realize the domestic industry.

• 작성일 2021-05-27
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제 9 호 Stimulus Check: The Double-edged Sword of the Pandemic Era

Kicker: OPINION Stimulus Check: The Double-edged Sword of the Pandemic Era by Nam-HoYun, Reporter tree32847@gmail.com Since May of 2020, the government had given stimulus check to the people for 3 times. Politicians are discussing about the 4th stimulus check for selected people. Some say that it is a bait to get more votes by giving people money, while some say it is the best way to help out people who got hit hard by the global pandemic. As more and more people are opening their eyes to this idea, arguments surrounding the stimulus check seem to be unavoidable. Will it be a gift box everyone desperately needs or a Pandora’s Box that will bring us new conflicts and problems? Supporters: “Stimulus Check is Not an Option” No one is safe from the global pandemic yet. At the same time, it is hurting the vast majority of people both mentally and financially. That is why the supporters believe that the government should actively intervene and help their citizens. As of May 10, during the first stimulus check period, the Korean government had spent 2.2% of its GDP. Japan had spent 22%, 13% for the U.S, and 12% for the Swedish government. Plus, as of the third quarter last year, Korea’s national debt was 45.9% compared to GDP, while the average of advanced countries was 131.4%. The U.S was 127.2%, Japan was 257.2%, and the U.K was 130.1%. Korea’s national debt ratio was even lower than China with 63%. The lower the percentage is,the more the government can unpack their money to aid people. Lastly, there are many people who need financial support. The rate of self-employment in Korea was a quarter of the total employment in 2014, and it kept going up. However, the number of self-employed is decreasing. Most of them are in debt. They are in need of money and support. Supporters firmly believe that the government should step in and give stimulus checks. <Monthly self-employment rate in 2020> Opposers: “Stimulus Check is Just a Mirage” Opposers do not think it has a positive effect. They believe it creates other problems. First, household debt is increasing in spite of stimulus checks. According to the Institution of International Finance, in the third quarter of last year, Korea had 100.6% household debt ratio compared to GDP. The average of advanced countries was 78%; the U.S. was 81.2%. In other words, more and more people are carrying their increasing debt on their back. Second, the way the government selects who they are going to support is vague. For instance, the self-employed person who had more than 5 employers could not get the third stimulus check last year. Likewise, people who opened up a store after November of 2019 were excluded. There was an irony going on among the people who needed the check, but could not. Finally, opposers say that it makes people more divided. The first stimulus check was for every citizen. The second and the third one were for certain people like self-employed. Some criticize the amount of money (3 million Won for businesses that were banned, 2 million Won for businesses that were under restrictions) they gave to the owners. Owners who had more than 2 businesses could only get one stimulus check. Without more precision and study, stimulus check will not stimulate people and the economy. You have to keep in mind that there are studies and documents that are significantly different. Some experts suggest positive effects of the stimulus check while some say the opposite. While there will be arguments regarding the next stimulus check, people have to realize the problems others are facing right now. We, as a society should find our way out even though it is not in the form of a stimulus check. Sources: https://m.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/A2020072011120001650?dtype=1&dtypecode=dfb5b563-203b-4096-b614 d30cd0377c1f&did=ZU&prnewsid=A2020072014250002836 https://biz.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2021/01/11/2021011102359.html

• 작성일 2021-03-06
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제 9 호 AI Translator, One Tool for International Exchanges

Kicker: OPINION (TECHNOLOGY) AI Translator, One Tool for International Exchanges By Eugene Ha, Reporter eugine16@naver.com When did we start using the translator? What is the purpose of using a translator? Do you know the power of cute little translators? Do you know what role the translator has played and changed from the past to the present? How about the accuracy? Is the translator we are using now perfect? I don't think so. Google Translator and Papago, which we use a lot, are not always perfect. What is the reason? Let's find out why. Every student may have used a translator once while preparing for a task or exam. The purpose we use will be studying. Then, what role does the translator play for travelers who travel to unfamiliar places? Translators will be used as a means of communication to live in the destination. In situations where a person in an important position on the international stage has to speak or understand an unfamiliar language, a translator will be a means of business-critical exchanges. Like this, the translator plays many roles in our lives and stays with us in various forms. There are two major translators that college students use the most. Google Translator and Naver Translator Papago. Let's take a look at the two by comparing them. Google Translator - It is a Google translation that is being serviced by Google. Google Translation is growing day by day. However, expressions full of characteristics in one language are still difficult to interpret mechanical and cultural languages. - When you need to translate or use a local language, you need a professional English writer. - Google translates documents. In addition to Word documents in doc and docw, all documents with letters such as txt, ppt, xls, and xlsx are supported. It even supports pdf. - Recently, Google has added new features. Google Translate app provides real-time continuous translation functionality. It is a function that stores voice as text in real time and shows text translated in real time without any delay in processing. It is a new feature that even if several sentences continue, it translates and provides everything as it is. Therefore, it seems to be a useful function when listening to lectures or speeches in foreign languages. Google Translator Papago Translator - Google Translation has had a lot of difficulties in translating Korean for 10 years, but on the other hand, it is possible to express a simple living language for a new service. - Knows how Korean users feel. And it's convenient for travel. - It is convenient because it is directly connected to the word dictionary and the meaning can be found immediately. - It understands Naver user's mind well. It also translates websites. Papago Translator Both services have really improved the quality of translation these days. Artificial intelligence seems to improve the quality of translation over time. However, there is still something lacking. Let's take a look at all the errors and limitations. - Translators vary by language depending on the translation sentence, and sometimes the meaning and words used in context are different. - It seems difficult to classify the words and sentences used to communicate with each other and the words and sentences. - Translators are not perfect by themselves yet, and we have to modify them and make them perfect. - Because they do not know the languages and cultures of various nationalities, information is translated only from the lines known by artificial intelligence. So sometimes random words appear. - In order to get closer to a more complete tool to mitigate these limitations and errors, we should think about what functions and evolution the translator should have in the future. Translators are now developing day by day as very useful tools for communicating, interacting, and learning in a global society. I hope we can be reborn using these better tools, more perfect tools for communication and exchange in a global society.

• 작성일 2021-03-03
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제 8 호 What Do You Do When You Play at Home?

Kicker: OPINION (CULTURAL LIFE) What Do You Do When You Play at Home? Enjoy Online Cultural Life! By Eugene Ha, Reporter eugine16@naver.com For almost a year, Covid 19 has given us more time to spend at home practicing social distance. Naturally, people began to enjoy various hobbies and cultural activities at home. According to this desire, there are many programs and services that can be enjoyed online. Art cultural activities such as plays, movies, musicals, and concerts, which are available outside, were also easy to enjoy at home, and applications have been launched. How good would it be to enjoy a fun and meaningful cultural life during our boring daily life? I would like to introduce sites and applications that we can use in a useful way. What kind of cultural life can we enjoy at home? Smart training & experience content 1. E Museum (National Museum of Korea) We can see cultural heritages in museums and art galleries across the country at once online.Each country, collection agency, and material are classified according to the excavated area, so beautiful art collections can be viewed through various photos and videos. 2. Cultural Heritage Channel (Cultural Heritage Administration) There is beneficial information about cultural heritage which can be seen through videos. It is divided into cultural assets, ages, and regions, and you can see not only photos but also videos, real-time broadcasting and programs. Now that we cannot go on a trip not only abroad but also in Korea due to Corona, we can have time to heal our eyes and minds as we can see the representative cultural assets and monuments of the places we want to visit in real life. 3. Online Museum of Art (National Museum of Contemporary Art) You can enjoy everything in the museum through video, including exhibition commentary and interviews with artists.It has prepared contents that can be seen by all children, teenagers, adults, etc., and you can enjoy it at home as if you actually visited an art museum in various ways such as art, art exhibition commentary, voice commentary, and online screening. This site is also widely used as a learning video site. Cultural life contents and performances 1. Online performance (Arts Center) Youtube Art performances performed at the Seoul Arts Center by date can be seen briefly. You can enjoy various genres such as classical music, musical, ballet, and theater through the YouTube channel. 2. Humanities and Arts Concert Today (Humanities 360) A talk concert that examines our lives from a humanistic perspective. Physical education content for home training 1. Zipcock Movement (National Sports Promotion Foundation) Let's get over Corona 19 and stay healthy by home exercise. This is officially made for people's health imaging. You can watch it on YouTube. There are many good ways to exercise at home that you can easily find on YouTube. It is good for us to use cell phones for entertainment, but it would be good to exercise and use them to make our body healthy. 2. National Physical Fitness 100 (National Sports Promotion Foundation) You can see a video clip of exercise aimed at making people 100% healthy with 100 physical strengths. In addition, meeting sites such as Zoom and Webex are used to meet people online, talk, and share hobbies together. With the emergence of the untact culture through Corona, the number of things we can enjoy online has increased. In a way, we might have improved our quality of life. Of course, it would be very frustrating and hard not to go out of the house, but I wanted to let you know that there are a variety of hobbies, reading, exercising, and performing. Let's enjoy cultural activities and wait until we meet and interact in person!

• 작성일 2020-12-07
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제 8 호 What is a Standard of Plagiarism?

Kicker: OPINION (PLAGIARISM) What is a Standard of Plagiarism? With Judicial Precedents and Cases By Dong-Wook Kim, Editor smartpodo@kakao.com Recently, there has been a doubt on school community that the fleece design is plagiarized. One of the independent school’s logo has also been a controversial topic of plagiarism which made a lot of students to be concerned, and the whole school is interested about the standard of plagiarism. However, there are only doubts about plagiarism because it is too ambiguous to confirm to say that it is copied. What is the accurate standard to confirm that one has plagiarized? Let us have a look at the judicial precedents and cases about what plagiarism is. The dictionary definition of a plagiarism is to use the other people’s creations without writing the source, so as to make the third parties recognize as if it were the plagiarist’s work. Partially using another person’s work or in a whole, modifying the other's creations, abusing the other person’s thoughts can be called plagiarism if done without mentioning sources. Plagiarism is sometimes confused with copyright infringement. The reason why this happens is because they have an associative relation. The two concepts can come out at the same time when the person is abusing the other person’s workpiece. The difference between the two is that plagiarism is more focused on ethical concepts when the person uses another person’s work as if it is theirs. The creation can also be said to be plagiarized even when the original piece is not protected by the copyright laws. On the other hand, copyright infringement is close to legal issues, and this happens when the person uses the other person’s unauthorized creative work which is legally protected by copyright laws. Generally, plagiarism and copyright infringement often share their concepts, but at the same time, they have a separate domain for each word. No matter how creative the idea is, we cannot say that the person has infringed copyright unless the concept and the ideas are expressed specifically. This is the reason that most of the plagiarists are not punished legally. In actual cases, most of the plagiarized creations have been sued to have legal responsibilities but they ended up guilty because plagiarisms are not treated to be a copyright infringement, a criminal act. Somebody or other said that, “There is nothing new under the sun.” This implies that creating something can also mean reinterpreting an original creation. Is this a proper definition? Recently, there has been controversy on a group purchase of school fleece. The design of the fleece was the key point of the issue. One of the students who was in charge copied the former design of the fleece. Precisely, as you can see in the picture, the student imitated the design of another student’s deer logo just by drawing or deleting several lines. The representative student insisted that the original creation was a reference, but the creation looks almost the same. Furthermore, the design did not include any source even if they referred to the original, so the recreated design was sufficient to be suspected that it was plagiarized. The Former Design of the Fleece and the New One Fortunately, the plagiarized design was pointed out in the student community and the fleece was not mass produced for the group purchasers. Though the purpose of group purchase is not commercial nor profits, (not violating copyrights) the impact was enough to alarm the students of the copyright infringement. Due to the fleece incident, the alarmed student pointed out a problem of another suspicious situation. The Student Council’s logo of the design college was brought up to the school community according to its similarity to an original piece of art. As burdens get bigger, the official design college posted a written apology with some explanation about the process of making the logo. The Process of Student Council Designing their Logo The apology started from the Council planning to design their logo. According to the apology, they said, “We tried to use an image of our Council name, Are-um, meaning a bunch of beautiful flowers blooming in our hands. However, the image was too complicated to use as a logo. In order to simplify it, we tried to compose a picture of a hand and flowers so that we tried to use papers to express a lot of shapes. During this process, we searched for some original pictures to refer to our design, but the result looks quite the same as a referred picture.” Referenced Pictures that One of the Student Councils Used for the Final Logo The incident can be interpreted differently according to one’s perspective. There are some students saying that just by examining the two similar logos, it can be obvious that the Council copied the picture from the internet. The lines and colors of the two creations look quite the same. However, the Council seems to explain the precise details on how they created their logo with some pictures during the creating. They also insisted that they are aware of the copyright issues and they did not intentionally plagiarize or copy the reference. Therefore, the Council has decided not to use the logo until the end of the term. “Everyone steals in commerce and industry. I have stolen a lot, myself. But I know how to steal! They do not know how to steal.” This is a quote written by one of the most famous inventors, Thomas Edison. Is plagiarism a contribution to inventing new epoch-breaking things? Or is it just an excuse that unconscious people use? If it is the latter case, the act deserves moral criticisms. Sources: http://edu.copykiller.com/edu-source/faq/?mod=document&uid=28 https://everytime.kr/370451/v/145953087 https://everytime.kr/370451/v/145859778

• 작성일 2020-12-05
• 좋아요 Like 3

제 7 호 The Confusing World of Funny Parodies and the Right of Publicity

Kicker: OPINION (COPYRIGHT AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY) The Confusing World of Funny Parodies and the Right of Publicity Intellectual Property Day Special Feature: Know & Protect It By Sarah Chae, Editor-in-Chief sarah3fran1@naver.com, Advertisements, dramas, webtoons, novels, and YouTube video contents often gain sympathy and laughter through parodies. In the meantime, however, reckless use of parodies and unauthorized use of images are drawing criticism from consumers and original authors, too. Let's learn about the value of copyright and publishing rights so that you do not experience serious copyright problems while doing assignments, writing reports, or creating various contents after you graduate. Today among many rights, I will be talking about the Right of Publicity. Cases of Unauthorized Use of Images and Parodies Using familiar gags and memes are an easy way to make someone laugh. Plus, it is easier to just copy or imitate some popular idea rather than thinking of one on your own. This strategy is okay to use when you are joking around with your friends, but it is not okay when you are using this idea for commercial purposes and benefits. Let’s take a look at two cases which made this mistake. CASE #1: Lotte Chilsung Beverage and the GANG Parody Recently, ‘GANG’, a song of the singer Rain was a boom. If you have seen a video of the song you will know that the black cap, black clothes, the face expression, and the font in the picture below is almost the same as the image of ‘GANG’. Lotte Chilsung Beverage posted this picture of its product promotional post. However, the person in the post is not the singer himself, and the picture is a parody of the image of Rain in his GANG music video. Some consumers pointed out that doing a parody of GANG without Rain’s permission is not appropriate, and Lotte Chilsung Beverage posted an apology and deleted the post. Some consumers pointed out that doing a parody of GANG without Rain’s permission is not appropriate, and Lotte Chilsung Beverage posted an apology and deleted the post with the image above. CASE #2: The Soonpoong Clinic Parody “I will make the story, who wants to write it?” Park Mi-seon’s lines in the drama “Soonpong Clinic” (2000) came up on the surface again and went viral. Many parodies came out on the internet. This was simply funny just until companies started using it for commercials. Comedian Park lashed out against those companies and said it does not seem right to draw a caricature of the scene in the drama and use it for commercial purposes. Park Mi-seon lashes out against companies that used her image in the drama “Soonpong Clinic” (on the left) for commercial purposes(middle, right). Of course, images familiar to the consumers will attract attention. However, these two cases were a problem because these companies did not get permission for using this concept or image. It was not a collaboration and celebrities in the original images were not those commercial models. The companies above just used it for free, and this means that those celebrities did not get paid for using their image. We can say that in these two cases the company violated the celebrity’s right of publicity. What Is the Right of Publicity? Also known as personality rights, the right of publicity is an intellectual property right. It is an individual’s (celebrity’s) right to control and profit from the commercial use of their name, trademark, or their identity. This right protects the famous person from unauthorized use of their nickname, voice, signature, likeness, photograph, etc. for commercial benefits. A majority of states in the United States recognize the right of publicity by statute or case law. In some states the right of publicity is applicable to celebrities, and in other states it also applies to any individual who has publicity value. In Korea, the value of publicity rights is recognized, but there is no written law about it. Currently, when publicity rights are violated the court relies on precedents. What You Have to Do to Avoid Getting Caught Up in These Problems Anyone can get caught up in these kind of intellectual property right problems. Parodies are so fun, but we need to remember. All copyrighted works must be used after getting permission. Especially, people making contents for commercial use or for your one-man media (like YouTube) have to be careful with using a parody. If you are looking for material or ideas with none of these problems to use in your works or assignments there is a website that can help you. The Korean Copyright Commission has made a website called Shared Yard (Gongyu Madang). They have works that any member of the society can use freely. There are donated/copyright expired/free use licensed works and free open works by public institutions and more. Fonts, music/sounds, videos/images, calligraphy work, and templets for reports and assignments are available to download, so give it a visit if you are interested. Shared Yard (Gongyu Madang): https://gongu.copyright.or.kr/gongu/main/main.do September 4, 2001 is the day when ‘Jikjisimcheyojeol: Anthology of Great Buddhist Priests 'Zen Teachings’ has been registered as a UNESCO world heritage. Now, every year, September 4th is designated as Intellectual Property Day in Korea to celebrate this. The world is now a knowledge and intellectual based society. Good ideas and intellectual property like this are becoming a source of national competitiveness and this is creating new markets and values. Therefore, in order to make Korea a globally powerful place, it is important to create an environment where we can encourage the creation, protection, and utilization of intellectual property. In other words, if you want to spread your ideas and work without any problems, it is better for all of us to have awareness and have mature sense about intellectual property and copyrights. Sarah Chae, Editor-in-Chief Sources: https://gongu.copyright.or.kr/gongu/main/main.do https://m.post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=24527750&memberNo=16862043&vType=VERTICAL https://m.post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=28950906&memberNo=3939441&vType=VERTICAL http://www.ip-day.co.kr/p4/c1/ https://m.post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=28950906&memberNo=3939441&vType=VERTICAL https://m.post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=27588716&memberNo=37451778&vType=VERTICAL https://corporate.findlaw.com/litigation-disputes/right-of-publicity.html https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=935032&cid=43667&categoryId=43667 https://www.inta.org/topics/right-of-publicity/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351667415000104 https://www.fnnews.com/news/201903051643599897 http://news.heraldcorp.com/view.php?ud=20190802000184 https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=3331102&cid=42192&categoryId=56846 https://biz.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/05/22/2020052202914.html?utm_source=naver&utm_medium=original&utm_campaign=biz http://news.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0012736705&code=61181111&cp=nv

• 작성일 2020-09-27
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 6 호 Dangerous Out of the House

Kicker: OPINION (CULTURE) Dangerous Out of the House The Trend of 'Non-Face-to-Face Consumption’ By Eugene Ha, Reporter eugine16@naver.com As technology advances in our society these days, it is easy to see many replacements with machines instead of people in many places. You can see kiosks waiting for orders instead of clerks at fast food restaurants, movie theaters, cafes, and even large supermarkets. Customers order and pay by themselves. Most of the kiosks can only be used during lunchtime or during crowded times. However, as services come into wide use, more and more stores are taking an order only by kiosks. We call this culture a ‘Non-face-to-face’ consumer culture. Why is the culture of non-face-to-face consumption increasing? There are many advantages, such as convenience and speed, but there are also disadvantages such as many alienated groups and technical and social problems. Let's take a look at each one in detail. What is ‘Non-face-to-face’ consumption? Non-face-to-face consumption culture refers to the consumption culture caused by the untact marketing or non-face-to-face marketing. Untact is a compound word of the negative prefix 'un' and 'contact’. Typical examples are the tendency to buy goods without contacting employees or other consumers, such as ordering kiosks at stores, and there are also other examples like delivery and e-commerce consumption. How does this untact culture of non-face-to-face consumption take place in our lives? The fast food industry introduced kiosks in stores four to five years ago. Also orders made with kiosks are not only for fast food or franchises, but also for small restaurants and cafes. This is the result of the tendency of those in their 20s and 30s who do not want to face employees directly, the minimum wage increase, the burden of labor costs increase, and the need to reduce labor costs. However, it is Covid 19 that has further increased and expanded this non-face-to-face consumption culture these days. ▶Kiosk in fast food industry What are the examples of this consumption? 1) Kiosks Currently, they are installed in public places for easy use by the public through unmanned automation of information services and tasks. They are installed in public facilities, large bookstores, department stores, and exhibition halls to provide various administrative procedures, product information, methods of use of facilities etc. In addition to the advantage of providing convenience to users, information providers do not need to have a person who guides them directly. 2) Delivery apps The use of delivery service applications is increasing due to corona. It is one of the markets that allows users to select and pay for menu items using apps andtoeasily consume non-face-to-face with smartphones. 3) Online start-ups and online lectures It is the most changed social system now. Starting with the online start of school, non-face-to-face education is becoming more important. Not only students but also office workers are doing online interviews and telecommuting. What are the positive aspects/advantages? 1) Convenience and speed According to a report released by the Center for Information and Communication Technology Promotion, 87 percent of the respondents cited ‘short waiting times’ as the reason they think kiosks are convenient. It is easier and faster to order through kiosks than through employees. Consumer waiting times also decrease as stores can receive multiple consumer orders at the same time. 2) Work efficiency and diversity Companies can handle various tasks efficiently by dividing tasks. Simple services are done quickly using untact technology, and more delicate services are done by employees. 3) Reduce unnecessary emotional consumption Worries about etiquette and consequent anxiety and tension between employees and consumers, which had previously been observed, have been reduced by machine-ordered kiosks. Simple ordering via mobile apps or sites has reduced the rudeness received by phone counselors due to their invisibility. 4) Reduce labor costs As machines take over orders, there is no need to hire employees separately, so fewer employees are efficiently operated. In the era of minimum wage increases, operators have been able to reduce labor costs. What are the opposite aspects/disadvantages? However, the same conveniences are not shared by everyone. In the same survey which mentioned its advantages, 74 percent of the respondents said the kiosk was inconvenient because it took longer to process. Some people use kiosks to order quickly and conveniently, while others have difficulty ordering and feel the digital gap. 1) Untact divide & digital alienation It is difficult for the disabled and the elderly to use the service alone. This is called an ‘untact divide’ problem. This is a phenomenon that people who are unable to adapt to the increasing number of untact technologies feel uncomfortable, especially among older people who are not familiar with the digital environment. Consumers who want an employee's explanation when purchasing a product or who cannot adapt to this non-face-to-face service may feel digital alienation too. 2) Loss of communication Not only can communication be cut off, but it is also difficult to deal with problems that can occur at the time of purchase or problems in the store. 3) Job losses As machines work on behalf of people in the service sector, the number of employees is decreasing. Typically, kiosk machines have been able to place orders without staff at the counter, and jobs have been reduced due to the activation of these services. A recent survey by the Ministry of Employment and Labor predicted that about 800,000 jobs will be lost by 2030 due to the influence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The word ‘non-face-to-face’ consumption culture may be awkward, but it is actually common in our lives. It will increase in more diverse areas in the future. There are many good points, but we need to recognize the various disadvantages mentioned, and find solutions to the problems that may arise. To prevent digital out-of-the-box phenomenon, businesses should provide services that can be easily recognized by consumers and also provide caring services for the elderly and minorities. If this untact culture, which blocks unnecessary contact and increases efficiency, is to be shared as a true culture, it needs systematic job measures and consideration about embracing the underprivileged. Why don't we take some time to think about the analog era, which makes us feel communication with and emotions of people rather than the digital world that provides convenience? Eugene Ha, Reporter Sources: https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=5917849&cid=42107&categoryId=42107 https://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=4368994&cid=43667&categoryId=43667 https://www.edaily.co.kr/news/read?newsId=01453046625739728&mediaCodeNo=257&OutLnkChk=Y https://m.post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=13857271&memberNo=5246326&vType=VERTICAL

• 작성일 2020-06-29
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 5 호 Are We Coming Close to a Gender-Equal Society?

Kicker: OPINION (HUMAN RIGHTS) Are We Coming Close to a Gender-Equal Society? Approaching Recent Trans-Gender Issues from a Sociological Point of View By Sarah Chae, Editor-in-Chief sarah3fran1@naver.com When you are born, you are given a label based on your body parts. This is called ‘sex’, and these labels could be male, female or intersex. Some of us think of these labels – female/male- as the only gender expressions in this world. ‘Gender’ is hard to give a definition to, but can mostly refer to social gender roles or gender identity. Today I am going to talk about several gender issues from a sociological point of view. Most of us think of a lot of meanings when we encounter, ‘Gender Issues.’ Let’s take a look below and take a quick look at the differences between ‘Sex - Gender Identitity - Gender Attraction(Orientation) - Gender Problems(Actually sex problems)’ from the image below. Among these ‘Gender Issues’, I will mostly go through some recent trans-gender rights issues and how various types of people think of them. Looking at the key word ‘Transgender’ by Big Data Big Data analysis results of key word "Transgender" and related words Let’s have a moment to remember some transgender issues in South Korea. Like the image above, we can remember some issues by related words. ‘Admission into a school(입학)’, ‘Male Student’, and ‘Feminism’. About a month ago, in February, a transgender student was accepted into Sookmyung University (women’s only school). Many newspapers and media talked about this student, and along with support there was a lot of resistance in and outside the school. There have been many headlines saying that Sookmyung University and its radical feminist students were rejecting the transgender student, and that they led this student to ultimately withdraw from the school. Looking at various positions (1): Conflict between Trans-genderism and Feminism “Radical Feminists who act for human rights are declaring hate and have taken a step backwards.” “The Korean society’s military and women’s university has turned (transgender) women down.” The press said this. About this kind of conflict between trans-genderism and feminism, Gayle Salamon pointed out the fact that moral reflection has been avoided only in the “Gender” area. Their moral involvement in areas such as race, ability, and rank without the fear of mutual extinction was referred too. Cressida Heyes also said that one must understand the pressure of others and one self’s privileges. If this is not done, ‘them’ and ‘us’ are separated and this causes hate or exclusion. Like this, The distinction between a ‘real woman’ and a ‘fake woman’ is not unrelated to personal gain or privilege. However, this is not the whole part of the radical feminist’s opinion. Looking at various positions (2): Who said it is a Cold-blooded War? The debate on transgender human rights has been reported as a cold-blooded opposition, sparking a wave of attacks on women’s universities and lead to comments of discrimination such as 'Feminazi are pretending they are the weak' and 'Why do we need a woman’s university?' Lawyer Park Han-hee, who is respected by the transgender student above, said that there is also a problem in calling the opposing public opinion an unconditional hater or creating an offensive/damage scheme. We need to look at why the other side has no choice but to make such a claim. In other words, we also need to look at the background of radical feminism's claims. Problems never can by solved by driving only one side as an hater or demanding one-sided sacrifice and engagement on either side. Looking at various positions (3): Safety and Human Rights The move to exclude transgender people is said to have grown in size in connection with women's safety problems. The events in the image below are male intrusions into women's universities. Due to these incidents, several women's universities have locked their doors and barred outsiders from entering. This, however, did not lead to the debate of how to create a safe space, causing the solution to run in the wrong direction, which means that they were not able to fully meet demands for women's safety. Experts said that we need to take this opportunity to correct the way we use ‘safety’ as an excuse to label all transgender people as a danger. At the same time, however, they said we must address the needs of women’s safety. “The anger that the Korean society has not responded to violence/discrimination against women has been behind it," said Suh Bok-kyung, a researcher at Sogang University's Political Research Institute. In this article, I tried to shed light on more diverse point of views, rather than focusing on any individual results or arguments. Therefore, I would say that this article is not intended to provoke conflict or promote discrimination. I will not be nosy and force your opinion or anything, but I hope you will not speak carelessly upon such subjects as 'Transgenders,' 'Feminist' and 'Women' as mentioned in this article. Instead of reproducing hate speech in the name of "opinions," let's try to ask new questions from now on. Maybe you can ask a question with a point of view that can look into various positions that have been simplified up until now. Sarah Chae, Editor-in-Chief Sources: Rainbow Crosswalk Photo by Greg Rosenke on Unsplash English 1. MEDICAL NEWS TODAY, Sex and gender: What is the difference?, Tim Newman, 02.07. 2018 https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/232363 2. WHO, Genomic resource centre 2. Gender and genetics http://www.who.int/genomics/gender/en/index1.html 3. WHO, Gender, equity, and human rights http://www.who.int/gender-equity-rights/understanding/gender-definition/en/ 4. GLAAD, Media Reference Guide - Transgender https://www.glaad.org/reference/transgender 5. SAPIENS, Gender Identity - Is Gender Unique to Humans?, Jay Schwartz, 11.29.2018 https://www.sapiens.org/culture/gender-identity-nonhuman-animals/ 6. SAPIENS, What Our Skeletons Say About the Sex Binary, Alexandra Kralick, 11.09.2018 https://www.sapiens.org/body/intersex-biological-sex/ 7. Thesaurus term: Gender Issue(s) https://eige.europa.eu/thesaurus/terms/1184 Korean 1. Voice of the people, Can fear of sexual violence be evidence for excluding transgender people?, Kang Seok-young, 2020.02.12, https://www.vop.co.kr/A00001467525.html 2. Huffpost, Sookmyung University “I am giving up the admission,” Transgender Student who was accepted into Sookmyung University leaves a message (full text), Kwon Ji-dam, Kang Jae-gu, 2020.02.07, https://www.huffingtonpost.kr/entry/story_kr_5e3d07eac5b6b70886fd54a8 3. Sisain, the Place Where A Stopped, Kim Young-hwa, 2020.03.13 https://www.sisain.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=41429 4. The Kyunghyang Shinmun, [Jung Hee-jin’s Unfamiliar Space] Who is Woman and Who Decides That?, Jung Hee-jin, 2020.03.10, http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?artid=202003102059025 5. BBC KOREA, International Women’s Day: Women’s Human Rights and Gender Issues In Korean Society, 2020.03.08, https://www.bbc.com/korean/features-51787765 6. BBC KOREA, Transgender: Transgender Soldier Dismissed for Gender Confirmation Surgery, Kim Hyung-eun, 2020.01.22, https://www.bbc.com/korean/news-51203384 7. Yonhap News, Transgender Student Withdraws Sookmyung Women’s University Application Due to Resistance within the School, Jang Woo-ri, 2020.02.07, https://www.yna.co.kr/view/AKR20200207129051004?input=1195m 8. The Kyunghyang Shinmun, ‘Hate’ in the Name of Anxiety…Digging into ‘TERF’s who Exclude Transgenders [The most ordinary person], Yi Bo-ra, Kim Hee-jin, 2020.02.21 http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?art_id=202002210600015 9. Taking a Neutral Position on Transgender Issues? Most Dangerous Position [The most ordinary person], Yi Bo-ra, 02.21.2020, http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?art_id=202002210700001 10. Pd Journal, Transgender Gave up Sookmyung Univ. Admittion, Is the Press not Responsible for It, Lee Mi-na, 2020. 02.11, http://www.pdjournal.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=71004 11. The Feminism Upheaval: The Point of Conflict in Feminisms as the Site of the New Thought ,Yun Ji-Yeong (2019), Kunkuk Univ., Korean Journal of Cultural Sociology vol.27, no.1, pp. 7-75 12. The Tension and Overlap between Feminism, Lesbian/Queer Theory, and Transgenderism, Kim Je Hye (2011), Yonsei Univ., Feminist Studies in English Literature vol.19, no.2, pp. 53-78 13. Big Data Issue/Reputation Analysis, Key Word: Transgender https://some.co.kr/analysis/issuehttps://some.co.kr/analysis/reputation

• 작성일 2020-03-20
• 좋아요 Like 1